The Science of Hydration

Learn how hydration actually works.

This is a resource, not a sales page. We'd rather you understand hydration than buy a jar. If you understand it, the jar makes sense on its own.

Six essential roles

What electrolytes do in the body.

01

Heartbeat

Cardiac muscle depends on precise sodium, potassium, and calcium gradients.

02

Muscle contractions

Sodium and potassium regulate the action potential that triggers every contraction.

03

Brain signaling

Neurons rely on ion gradients. Even mild dehydration blunts attention and reaction time.

04

Fluid movement

Sodium determines where water goes. Water follows sodium, not the other way around.

05

Blood pressure

Fluid balance and vascular tone are tightly coupled to electrolyte concentrations.

06

Energy production

Magnesium is required for ATP, the currency your cells run on.

Resource center

Topics we're writing about.

Short, honest explainers on the hydration questions we hear most. New pieces added as we publish them.

Hydration

Why water alone doesn't hydrate, and what your cells actually need to hold onto it.

Coming soon
Electrolytes

Sodium, potassium, magnesium: what each one does and why the ratio matters.

Coming soon
Sweating

How much sodium leaves in a liter of sweat, and why heavy sweaters lose more.

Coming soon
Recovery

Fluid, mineral, and glycogen restoration between sessions.

Coming soon
Muscle cramps

The role of sodium and magnesium, and the limits of the cramp story.

Coming soon
Exercise

Pre, during, and post-training hydration for endurance, HIIT, and lifting.

Coming soon
Travel

Cabin air, altered routines, and quiet mineral loss.

Coming soon
Sauna & heat

Passive fluid and sodium losses climb sharply in warm environments.

Coming soon
Coffee

The mild diuretic effect and what it actually means day to day.

Coming soon
Low-carb diets

Why reduced insulin promotes sodium excretion, and how to feel better through the transition.

Coming soon
Fasting

How electrolytes fit into intermittent and extended fasts.

Coming soon
Everyday depletion

Stress, sleep, and the ordinary ways minerals leave the body.

Coming soon
The principle

Water follows sodium.

Sodium is the primary electrolyte in extracellular fluid. When it drops through sweat, heat, or heavy plain-water intake, the body can't retain fluid where it's needed. Cells shrink. Nerves misfire. Performance drops.

Replacing sodium in meaningful amounts allows water to reach cells, stabilize blood volume, and restore function. Potassium and magnesium complete the picture, supporting muscle, nerve, and energy metabolism.